Salatul Eid

Know that it is mustahab to spend the nights preceding the eids in dhikr of Allah (عزوجل), salah and other acts of obedience, because of the hadiths in this regard:

“If a person spends the night of Eid worshipping Allah (عزوجل), his heart will not die on the day when hearts die.”

In another hadith the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said:

“If a person has stayed up on the nights of the two Eids to worship Allah, hoping for the reward thereof, his heart will not die on the day when hearts die.”

Thus it is reported by ash-Shafi’i and Ibn Majah.

But it is a weak hadith which we have narrated. Nevertheless, it is permissible to practice on the basis of weak hadiths when they concern virtuous deeds.The Ulama disagree about the amount by which spending the night in worship is accomplished. What is more apparently correct is that it has to be done for most of the night. Others say it is accomplished by even one hour of worship.

When and which Takbir is recommended:

It is mustahab to say takbir on the night of the two Eids.

Eid-al-Fitr

It is mustahab on Eid-al-Fitr from sunset until the Imam starts the salah of Eid. This is mustahab after the salah and in all other situations. It should be increases when there is a crowd. One should say takbir walking, sitting, lying down, in the street, in the mosque and in bed.

Eid-al-Adha

On Eid-al-Adha the takbir should be said after the Subh salah on the day of Arafat until praying the salah of Asr on the day of tashriq. One says the takbir after Asr,and then ceases. According to our companions, the words of takbir are:

اللهُ أَكبَرُ ،اللهُ أَكبَرُ ،اللهُ أَكبَرُ 

Allahu akbaru Allahu akbaru Allahu akbar.

Allah is greater, Allah is greater, Allah is greater.

This should be said continually, and one may repeat it as much as he likes. Ash Shafi’i and his colleagues hold that if one adds anything to it he should say:

اللهُ أَكبَرُ كَبِيراً، وَ الحَمدُ للهِ كَثِيراً، وَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ بُكرَةً وَ أَصِيلاً، لَآ إِلهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَ لَا نَعبُدُ إِلَّا إَّيَّاهُ، مُخلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ وَلَو كَرِهَ الكَافِرُون،  لَآ إِلهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَه، صَدَقَ وَعدَهُ، وَنَصَرَ عَبدَهُ، وَهَزَمَ الأَحزَابَ وَحدَهُ، لَآ إِلهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَ اللهُ أَكبَرُ

Allahu akbaru kabira, wa-l-hamdu li-llahi kathira, wa Subhana-llahi bukratan wa asila. La ilaha illa-llah, wa la na’budu illah iyyah, mukhlisina lahu-d-dinawa law kariha-l-kafirun. La ilaha illa-llahu wahdah, wa nasara’abdah , wa hazama-l-ahzaba wahdah. La ilaha illa-llahu wa-llahu akbar

Allah is greater, all praise is due to Allah, and glory be to Allah in the morning and in the evening. There is no God but Allah and we worship none but Him, fulfilling our religion sincerely for Him even though the disbelievers dislike it. There is no god but Allah, the One; He has fulfilled His promise and made His servant victorious and routed the tribes by Himself. There is no god but Allah and Allah is greater.

According to a group of our Shafi’i colleagues there is no harm in saying what is customary among people, which is:

اللهُ أَكبَرُ، اللهُ أَكبَرُ، اللهُ أَكبَرُ، لَآ إِلهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَ اللهُ أَكبَرُ اللهُ أَكبَرُ، وَلِلهِ الحَمْدُ

Allahu akbaru Allahu akbaru Allahu akbar. La ilaha illa-llah, wa llahu akbar, Allahu akbar, was li-llahi-l-hamd

Allah is greater, Allah is greater, Allah is greater. There is no god but Allah and Allah is greater.Allah is greater and all praise is due to Allah.

Know that the takbirat are prescribed after every salah that is performed on the days of the takbir, whether it be wajib, nafil or the funeral salah, and regardless of whether it be a compulsory salah performed in its proper time or a salah in which the due time has passed. 

If the Imam makes takbir contrary to what the person following him believes(to be correct) because the Imam thought the takbir should be done for the day of Arafat or the Ayyam at- Tashriq and the person following him did not think so, or vice versa, should one then follow the Imam or not?There are two views, according to our Shafií colleagues. The most correct is to follow one’s conviction, because adherence to the Imam(qudwah)ends with the concluding salam of the salah, which does not apply if he does more takbir in the Eid prayer then the person following him thinks right- in which case he should be followed because of the qudwah.

It is sunnah to say additional takbirat in the salat of Eid. In the first rak’ah one should do seven takbirat besides the opening takbir and five takbirat- besides the takbir of raising from ruku- in the second. The takbir in the first rak’ah should be done after the opening dua and before seeking protection. In the second it should be done before seeking protection. It is mustahabb to say between the takbirat: 

“Glory be to Allah, all praise is due to Allah and there is no god but Allah and Allah is greater.”

 That is the opinion of the majority of our Shafi colleagues. 

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